Laboratory Test Preparation

LPA

Not applicable

Used to identify an elevated level of Lipoprotein (a) as a possible risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The test may be used in conjunction with a routine lipid profile to provide additional information about a person's risk for CVD.

Turbidimetry

Special Test

No patient preparation necessary.

Red or Gold Tube

3 mL Serum

Not Applicable

3 Days

7 Days

28 Days

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Hemolyzed specimen
• Markedly lipemic specimen
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Improper collection tube used

Batch Running

Friday 4:00 PM

2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

Available upon request

None specified.

Not applicable

Lipoprotein little a

• Li

Not applicable

Lithium is used to treat and prevent episodes of mania (frenzied, abnormally excited mood) in people with bipolar disorder (manic-depressive disorder; a disease that causes episodes of depression, episodes of mania, and other abnormal moods). Lithium measurements are used to monitor patient compliance and therapy and to diagnose potential overdose.

Colorimetric

Chemistry

Draw blood 12 hours after last Lithium administration.

NOTE:If doctor has different instruction, follow doctor's order as to when sample collection must be done.

Red tube

(DO NOT USE GOLD TUBEor any other type of tube with gel separator)

1-3 mL Serum

1-3 mL Plasma (K2-EDTA, Na-Heparin)

Note: Lithium heparin is NOT acceptable

1 Day

1 Week

6 Months

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Improper collection tube used
• Specimen stored/transported outside the temperature range
• Quantity not sufficient
• Hemolyzed specimen
• Lipemic specimen
• Improperly labeled specimen

Monday, Wednesday, Friday

Monday to Saturday: 6:00 PM

ROUTINE(on running day only)
• 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger

STAT(on running day only)
• After 2½ HOURS from extraction/messenger arrival

Trough: 1.00~1.20 mmol/L

Note: Values greater than 1.50 mmol/L 12 hours post dose indicate a significant risk of toxicity.

None indicated

Not applicable

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Emergency and Overdose Drug Testing, BUN, Creatinine, TSH

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Panel

1. AFP
2. AFP-L3
3. PIVKA
4. Galad Score

• HCC Risk Panel includes serum AFP-L3%, total AFP and PIVKA. The combined measurement helps differentiate benign and malignant conditions related to primary liver diseases.
• Helps identify patients at risk of developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Note:

• Values obtained using different assay methods or kits cannot be used interchangeably. The AFP and PIVKA test value must be obtained using this method (Isotachophoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence) in order to determine the AFP-L3 value and Galad score. AFP(ECLIA) and PIVKA (CMIA) are not suitable for use with AFP-L3 values and Galad scoring.

Isotachophoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence

Immunology

No patient preparation necessary.

Note:

Vitamin K administration may result in reduced PIVKA-II concentration in the specimen.

Administration of Vitamin K antagonist (Warfarin) or antibiotic may result in elevated PIVKA-II in the specimen.

Red or Gold tube

1-3 mL Serum

Not applicable

Not Specified

1 Week

3 weeks

Transport specimen at 2°C – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Hemolyzed specimen
• Markedly lipemic specimen
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Improper collection tube used

Saturday

Monday to Saturday:10:00 PM

Sunday:6:00PM

• ROUTINE(on running day only): 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
• STAT(on running day only):After 2½ HOURS from extraction/messenger arrival

• AFP:0.00-8.30 IU/mL
• AFP-L3:<10%
• PIVKA-II: <40.00 mAU/mL

1. Heterophilic antibodies in human serum can react with the immunoglobulins included in the assay components causing interference with in vitro immunoassays. Samples from patients routinely exposed to animals or animal serum products can demonstrate this type of interference potentially causing an anomalous result.
2. For diagnostic purposes, the results obtained from this assay should always be used and interpreted in conjunction with the clinical examination, patient medical history and other findings.
3. It is recommended that this assay be used in conjunction with imaging studies for clinical diagnosis.
4. PIVKA (DCP) producing tumors other than HCC can show elevated values of PIVKA-II (DCP).
5. Medications containing Vitamin K analogs may cause a negative bias on the Des-gamma- carboxy prothrombin (PIVKA- II) values.
6. Vitamin K administration may result in reduced PIVKA-II concentration in the specimen.
7. Administration of Vitamin K antagonist (Warfarin) or antibiotic may result in elevated PIVKA II i the specimen.

Not applicable

CEA, CA-125, hCG, Tumor Marker,  HCC, Hepatocellular Carcinoma

• LC-1

Not applicable

• Liver cytosol autoantibodies (LC-1) can be detected in patients with autoimmune hepatitis type 2 in the presence or absence of Liver-Kidney Microsome (LKM) autoantibodies. LC-1 are typically not associated with autoimmune hepatitis type 1, primary biliary cirrhosis or drug-induced hepatitis.

Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)

Special Test

No patient preparation necessary.

Red or Gold Tube

2 mL Serum

2 mL plasma from EDTA / Heparinized /ACD tube

48 Hours

7 Days

60 Days

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Hemolyzed specimen
• Markedly lipemic specimen
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Improper collection tube used

Batch Running

Monday, 12:00 PM

2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

Not Applicable

None specified.

Not applicable

Not applicable

FibroMax Test

• Alpha-2 macroglobulin
• Haptoglobin
• Apolipoprotein A1
• GGT
• Bilirubin
• SGPT
• SGOT
• Fasting Blood Sugar
• Cholesterol
• Triglycerides

SPECIAL TEST:

• Algorithm

CHEMISTRY:

Immunoturbidimetric assay

• Alpha 2 Macroglobulin
• Haptoglobin
• Apolipoprotein A-1

Enzymatic Colorimetric

• GGT
• Cholesterol
• Triglyceride

Colorimetric

• Bilirubin

UV with P5P

• SGOT
• SGPT

Hexokinase

• Fasting Blood Sugar

Direct Measure PEG

• HDL

Chemistry and Special Test

Record the following  in Clinical Information :

• Height in centimeter
• Weight in kilograms
• Requesting Physician

NOTE: In case the Requesting Physician is considering any of the below diagnosis, please inform Special Test before proceeding with the test :

• Acute Hepatitis (acute viral hepatitis A, B, C, D, E ; Drug induced hepatitis)
• Extrahepatic cholestasis (pancreatic cancer, gallstones)
• Severe Hemolysis
• Gilbert’s syndrome with high unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
• Acute Inflammatory syndrome: Blood test just need to be postponed for at least 2 weeks.
• 10~12 hours fasting
• Age requirement is >/= 15 years old

GGT

NOTE: Prolonged fasting is highly discouraged since various metabolic changes associated with starvation may begin to develop. Water intake is acceptable.

• Note in clinical info if patient drank more than 4 glasses of water during fasting period, ask patient for medical history as this is rather unusual.
• Note in clinical info in case patient overfasts and insists on proceeding test.

BILIRUBIN:

• Refrain from eating yellow foods (such as carrots, yams, yellow beans, pumpkin) for 3-4 days before blood collection. Alcohol, morphine, theophylline, ascorbic acid and aspirin may also cause elevated results.
• For patients undergoing evaluations involving the administration of indocyanine green (ICG), it is recommended that samples are drawn after ICG has been eliminated.
• Results are invalidated it the client received a radioactive scan within 24 hours before the test

FBS :

•  Prolonged fasting is highly discouraged since various metabolic changes associated with starvation may begin to develop. Water intake is acceptable.
•   Note in clinical info if patient drank more than 4 glasses of water during fasting period, ask patient for medical history as this is rather unusual.
•   Note in clinical info in case patient overfasts and insists on proceeding test.
• Samples without preservatives (NaF) must be separated from red cells within 30 mins of blood extraction.

TRIGLYCERIDES:

NOTE: Prolonged fasting is highly discouraged since various metabolic changes associated with starvation may begin to develop. Water intake is acceptable.

•   Note in clinical info if patient drank more than 4 glasses of water during fasting period, ask patient for medical history as this is rather unusual.
• Note in clinical info in case patient overfasts and insists on proceeding test.

3 mL Serum

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

7 Days

Not Applicable

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Below 14 years old
• Hemolyzed specimen
• Quantity Not Sufficient
• • Incorrect collection container used
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Specimen stored/transported outside the temperature range

Batch running

4:00 PM

9 days after  cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

NOTES:
• Only Biomarkers results are available online with note “Liver Fast graph result available for pick-up at Branch”
• Hard copies of BOTH the BIOMARKERS RESULTS and the LIVER FAST GRAPH will be delivered to your Branch.
• Branch is no longer allowed to print the Biomarkers Results from POS Releasing Program.
• Both the Biomarkers Results and Liver Fast graph must be released to the patient.

Available upon request

See individual tests.

Q: Why use Liver Fast as an alternative to liver biopsy?

A:1. Non-invasive and no risk.

     2. A simple blood test with no hospitalization for the patient.

     3. High applicability of 98% even for obese and overweight patient patients.

     4. Easy to repeat, especially for disease follow up.

     5. Liver Fast test is a cost effective alternative to liver biopsy.

     6. Same diagnostic value as a 25mm biopsy.

     7. Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies, totaling 2185 subjects, has demonstrated that the treatment effect on fibrosis    progression rate was similarly estimated using Liver Fast or Biopsy. Combination of    Liver Fast test with other tests reduces the need of liver biopsy.

Q:  Why use Liver Fast test for assessment of Hepatitis B Fibrosis and Activity?

A:1. Estimate Fibrosis and Activity.

     2. Follow up: easily repeatable for assessment of disease progression with no variability of activity.

     3. Predict survival rate: better long term prognosis value of Liver Fast test vs viral load or ALT.

     4. New definition of low risk & inactive carrier.

      5. Abnormal levels of ALT will not affect the performance of Liver Fast test, unlike Transient Elastography, which is subject to     variability related to necro inflammatory activity

Q: What are the precautions of use and interpretability?

A:  1. The test has to be deferred: acute hemolysis, acute hepatitis, acute inflammation, extrahepatic cholestatis.

      2.The advice of specialist sought for interpretation in chronic hemolysis and Gilberts Syndrome

      3.The test interpretation is not validated in liver transplant patients.

Necrotico-inflammatory for hepatitis, liver steatosis, NASH (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) inflammation, Alcoholic liver disease inflammation

-

Ultrasound imaging or sonography is considered to be a non-invasive procedure and does not involve ionizing radiation which is usual in X-rays. An ultrasound scan is not only useful in assessing the structure of organs and different internal structures but can also show the movement of organs in real time.

It is used to visualize and assess liver structure and function, assist in obtaining: 

• tumors 
• cysts
• bleeding

PREPARATION

• No special preparation.
• Bring previous ultrasound result for comparison.

-

-

-

FibroMax (Fibrosis and Activity)

• Alpha-2 macroglobulin
• Haptoglobulin
• Apolipoprotein A1
• GGT
• Bilirubin
• SGPT

• Algorithm

Immunoturbidimetric Assay

• Alpha 2 Macroglobulin
• Haptoglobin
• Apolipoprotein A-1

Enzymatic Colorimetric

• GGT

Colorimetric

• Bilirubin

UV with P5P

• SGPT

Chemistry and Special Test

• 10~12 hours fasting
• Age requirement is >/= 15 years old

Record the following  in Clinical Information :

• Height in centimeter
• Weight in kilograms
• Requesting Physician

NOTE:

In case the Requesting Physician is considering any of the below diagnosis, please inform Special Test before proceeding with the test :

• Acute Hepatitis (acute viral hepatitis A, B, C, D, E ; Drug induced hepatitis)
• Extrahepatic cholestasis (pancreatic cancer, gallstones)
• Severe Hemolysis
• Gilbert’s syndrome with high unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
• Acute Inflammatory syndrome: Blood test just need to be postponed for at least 2 weeks.

3 mL Serum

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

7 days

Not applicable

Transport at 2°C~8°C (with ice packs).

• Below 14 years old
• Hemolyzed specimen
• Quantity not sufficient
• Incorrect collection container used
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Specimen stored/transported outside the temperature range

Batch running 

9 days  after cut-off (Excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

NOTES:

• Only Biomarkers results are available online with note “Liver Fact graph result available for pick-up at Branch”
• Hard copies of BOTH the BIOMARKERS RESULTS and the LIVER FACT GRAPH will be delivered to your Branch.  
• Branch is no longer allowed to print the Biomarkers Results from POS Releasing Program.

• Both the Biomarkers Results and Liver Fact graph must be released to the patient.

Available upon request.

Not Applicable

Q: Why use Liver Fast as an alternative to liver biopsy?

A:1. Non-invasive and no risk.

     2. A simple blood test with no hospitalization for the patient.

     3. High applicability of 98% even for obese and overweight patient patients.

     4. Easy to repeat, especially for disease follow up.

     5. Liver Fast test is a cost effective alternative to liver biopsy.

     6. Same diagnostic value as a 25mm biopsy.

     7. Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies, totaling 2185 subjects, has demonstrated that the treatment effect on fibrosis progression rate was similarly estimated using Liver Fast or Biopsy. Combination of    Liver Fast test with other tests reduces the need of liver biopsy.

Q:  Why use Liver Fast test for assessment of Hepatitis B Fibrosis and Activity?

A:1. Estimate Fibrosis and Activity.

     2. Follow up: easily repeatable for assessment of disease progression with no variability of activity.

     3. Predict survival rate: better long term prognosis value of Liver Fast test vs viral load or ALT.

     4. New definition of low risk & inactive carrier.

     5. Abnormal levels of ALT will not affect the performance of Liver Fast test, unlike Transient Elastography, which is   subject to variability related to necro inflammatory activity

Q: What are the precautions of use and interpretability?

A:  1. The test has to be deferred: acute hemolysis, acute hepatitis, acute inflammation, extrahepatic cholestatis.

      2.The advice of specialist sought for interpretation in chronic hemolysis and Gilberts Syndrome

      3.The test interpretation is not validated in liver transplant patients.

Necrotico-inflammatory for hepatitis, liver steatosis, NASH (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) inflammation, Alcoholic liver disease inflammation

Fatty Liver Screening

• SGPT
• Triglycerides

SPECIAL TEST:

• Algorithm

Assess an individual risk having fatty liver.

Enzymatic Colorimetric

• Triglyceride

UV with P5P

• SGPT

Chemistry and Special Test

• 10~12 hours fasting
• Age requirement is >/= 15 years old

Record the following  in Clinical Information :

• Height in centimeter
• Weight in kilograms
• Requesting Physician

NOTE:

In case the Requesting Physician is considering any of the below diagnosis, please inform Special Test before proceeding with the test :

• Acute Hepatitis (acute viral hepatitis A, B, C, D, E ; Drug induced hepatitis)
• Extrahepatic cholestasis (pancreatic cancer, gallstones)
• Severe Hemolysis
• Gilbert’s syndrome with high unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
• Acute Inflammatory syndrome: Blood test just need to be postponed for at least 2 weeks.

Gold Tube

3 mL Serum

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

7 Days

Not Applicable

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Below 14 years old
• Hemolyzed specimen
• Quantity Not Sufficient
• Incorrect collection container used
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Specimen stored/transported outside the temperature range

Batch Running

4:00 PM

9 days after  cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

NOTES:

• Only Biomarkers results are available online with note “Liver Fast graph result available for pick-up at Branch”
• Hard copies of BOTH the BIOMARKERS RESULTS and the LIVER FAST GRAPH will be delivered to your Branch.
• Branch is no longer allowed to print the Biomarkers Results from POS Releasing Program.
• Both the Biomarkers Results and Liver Fast graph must be released to the patient.

Available upon request

None Specified

Q: Why use Liver Fast as an alternative to liver biopsy?

A:1. Non-invasive and no risk.

     2. A simple blood test with no hospitalization for the patient.

     3. High applicability of 98% even for obese and overweight patient patients.

     4. Easy to repeat, especially for disease follow up.

     5. Liver Fast test is a cost effective alternative to liver biopsy.

     6. Same diagnostic value as a 25mm biopsy.

     7. Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies, totaling 2185 subjects, has demonstrated that the treatment effect on fibrosis    progression rate was similarly estimated using Liver Fast or Biopsy. Combination of    Liver Fast test with other tests reduces the need of liver biopsy.

Q:  Why use Liver Fast test for assessment of Hepatitis B Fibrosis and Activity?

A:1. Estimate Fibrosis and Activity.

     2. Follow up: easily repeatable for assessment of disease progression with no variability of activity.

     3. Predict survival rate: better long term prognosis value of Liver Fast test vs viral load or ALT.

     4. New definition of low risk & inactive carrier.

      5. Abnormal levels of ALT will not affect the performance of Liver Fast test, unlike Transient Elastography, which is subject to     variability related to necro inflammatory activity

Q: What are the precautions of use and interpretability?

A:  1. The test has to be deferred: acute hemolysis, acute hepatitis, acute inflammation, extrahepatic cholestatis.

      2.The advice of specialist sought for interpretation in chronic hemolysis and Gilberts Syndrome

      3.The test interpretation is not validated in liver transplant patients.

Necrotico-inflammatory for hepatitis, liver steatosis, NASH (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) inflammation, Alcoholic liver disease inflammation

• Anti-cytochrome P450 II D6 antibodies - screening
• Endoplasmic reticulum - anti-antibodies - screening
• Anti-liver-kidney microsomal antibodies - LKM1 - screening
• Anti-LKM1 antibodies - screening
• Anti-endoplasmic reticulum antibodies - screening
• LKM - anti-antibodies screening
• Anti-LKM antibodies - endoplasmic reticulum - screening - serum

Not Applicable

This test detects the presence of antibodies against microsomal antigens from liver and kidney, which is an aid for the diagnosis of type II autoimmune hepatitis (Type II AIH).

Immunofluorescence

Special Test

Note patient’s diagnosis/medical history and record in clinical information.

Plain Red Top or Gold Top

3 mL Serum

Not Applicable

24 Hours

5 Days

14 Days

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Improperly labeled specimens
• Quantity not sufficient
• Specimen stored exceeded outside required stability
• Hemolyzed specimen
• Markedly lipemic specimen
• Improper collection tube used

Batch Running

Friday, 12:00 PM

2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturday, Sunday and Holidays)

Not Applicable

None identified

Not Applicable

Liver Kidney Microsomal Type 1 Antibodies, LKM1 Antibodies, Anti-Liver/Kidney Microsomal Antibodies Type 1, Anti-LKM1, Anti-P450 2D6 Antibody, Liver Kidney Microsome Type 1 Antibodies (Cytochrome P450 2D6 Antibodies)

•  Anti-endoplasmic reticulum antibodies - typing
• Anti-liver-kidney microsomal antibodies - LKM1 - typing
• Endoplasmic reticulum - anti-antibodies - typing
• LKM - anti-antibodies typing
• Anti-LKM1 antibodies - typing
• Anti-cytochrome P450 II D6 antibodies - typing
• Anti-LKM antibodies - endoplasmic reticulum - typing - serum

Not Applicable

One of the major immunologic test for autoimmune liver disease,especially in children. Others include smooth muscle, anti mitochondrial Ab and anti - nuclear Ab.

Immunodot

Special Test

No patient preparation necessary.

Red or Gold Tube

3 mL Serum

Not Applicable

24 Hours

5 Days

14 Days

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Hemolyzed specimen
• Markedly lipemic specimen
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Improper collection tube used

Batch Running

Friday, 12:00 PM

2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

Available upon request

None Specified.

Not Applicable

Liver Kidney Microsomal Type 1 Antibodies, LKM1 Antibodies, Anti-Liver/Kidney Microsomal Antibodies Type 1, Anti-LKM1, Anti-P450 2D6 Antibody, Liver Kidney Microsome Type 1 Antibodies (Cytochrome P450 2D6 Antibodies)

Not applicable

Not applicable

This test identifies individuals who are at risk of having elevated plasma Lipoprotein A [Lp(a)] and increased cardiovascular risk which could be reduced by low-dose aspirin therapy.

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)

Special Test

No patient preparation necessary.

EDTA or Violet Tube

2 pcs of 4 mL EDTA whole blood

Not Applicable

8 Days

8 Days

30 Days

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Hemolyzed specimen
• Markedly lipemic specimen
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Improper collection tube used
• Clotted Sample
• Over-filled or Under-filled tube

Batch Running

Monday, 12:00 PM

2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

Not Applicable

None specified.

Not applicable

Cardiovascular disease, Aspirin therapy

CardioIQ®,LPA Intron-25 Genotype

Not applicable

This test identifies individuals at risk for elevated plasma lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] and increased cardiovascular risk.

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Special Test

Not applicable

EDTA or Violet Tube

3 pcs of 4 mL whole blood

Not Applicable

8 Days

8 Days

30 Days

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Improper collection tube used
• Clotted Sample
• Over-filled or Under-filled tube

Batch Running

Monday, 12:00 PM

2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

Available upon request

None specified.

Not applicable

• Silica Clotting Time (SCT)
• Dilute Russel Viper Venom Test

Used to help in the diagnosis and/or assess a person with an autoimmune disease associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Multi-wavelength transmitted light detection method

Hematology

• No patient preparation required.
• Ask for patient’s diagnosis/medical history and record in Clinical Information.

Citrated Blue top (Do not use Glass tube)

1-2 mL Citrated Plasma

Not applicable

4 Hrs

Not applicable

7 Days

•  Sample must be sent to laboratory immediately after collection.

• Samples that cannot be sent to HPD laboratory within 4 hours should be stored at -20⁰Candshould be transported withdry ice.

• Improper use of anticoagulant
• Insufficient volume of blood to anticoagulant
• Improperly labeled specimens
• Hemolyzed specimens
• Specimen stored and transported outside the temperature requirement

Wednesday and Saturday

Wednesday and Saturday:  2:00 pm

Thursday and Sunday:  9:00 AM

DRVVT: 0.80-1.20 (ratio)

SCT: 1.08-1.21 (ratio)

• Dysfibrinogenemia
• Heparin intake
• Intrinsic pathway deficiencies
• Presence of factor inhibitors
• Hepatic disorders
• Treatments with vitamin K antagonists
• Treatment with thrombin inhibitors
• DIC

Not applicable

Lupus, SLE, ANA, Antiphospholipid syndrome, Pregnancy, Miscarriage,Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT, aPTT),Thrombin Time,Antithrombin,Cardiolipin Antibodies,Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies,Factor V Leiden Mutation and PT 20210 Mutation,Homocysteine,Protein C and Protein S,Excessive Clotting Disorders,Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT).

•Mg
•Mag

Not applicable

• Used for diagnosing and monitoring magnesium excess or deficiency.
• May be used as a follow up to chronically low blood levels of calcium and potassium.
• Magnesium levels may also be checked as part of an evaluation of the severity of kidney problems and/or of uncontrolled diabetes and may help in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders.

Colorimetric

Chemistry

No patient preparation necessary.
NOTE: Do not draw specimen during hemodialysis.

Red or Gold tube

1-3 mL Serum

1-3mL Plasma (Li-heparin)

7 Days

7 Days

1 Year

Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)

1. Specimens that failed serum index requirement
2. Exceeded sample stability requirement
3. Quantity not sufficient
4. Improperly labeled specimen
5. Improper collection tube used
6. EDTA Plasma

Daily

Monday to Saturday:10:00 PM

Sunday:6:00PM

RUNNING TIME: 6:00 AM onwards

RELEASING TIME: ROUTINE
• 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
RELEASING TIME: STAT
• After 2½ hours from extraction/messenger arrival

0.70-1.00 mmol/L (1.70-2.43 mg/dL)

• Hemolysis elevates results depending on the content of the analyte in the
lysed erythrocytes.
• In very rare cases, gammopathy, in particular type IgM (Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia), may cause unreliable results.

Not applicable

Calcium, Potassium, Phosphorus, PTH, Vitamin D

Magnesium, RBC

Not Applicable

To assist in determining deficiency and toxicity of essential trace minerals in whole blood Magnesium is an essential trace element. Deficiency leads to irritability, neuromuscular abnormalities, cardiac and renal damage. Its salts are used as antacids and cathartics. Excessive amount may cause CNS depression, loss of muscle tone, respiratory and cardiac arrest.

Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass Spectrometry (ICP/MS)

Special Test

• Use only non-powdered gloves throughout the collection procedure.
• Wash the collection site with soap and water, followed by an alcohol swab.
• Do not use iodine-containing disinfectants.
• Do not open the blood collection tube. Send or ship the tube directly to the laboratory.
• Collect the trace metal tube last if other tubes are to be collected from the same site.
• Include current medications, illness or risks of exposure of the patient in the clinical information that are related to the analytes.
• Patient should refrain from taking vitamins, or mineral herbal supplements for at least one week before sample collection
• Blood sample will be drawn every Monday ONLY, cut off is 12:00 noon

4 ml Edta Tube

3 pieces of 4 mL EDTA (Whole Blood)

Not Applicable

5 days

5 days

Not Applicable

Store and transport specimen at 2 - 8 'C (with cold packs)

• Clotted sample
• Incorrect collection tube 
• Insufficient volume
• Incorrect storage temperature of specimen 
• Only one vacutainer tube submitted
• Exceeded sample stability requirement 
• Improperly labeled specimens

Batch Running

Monday, 12:00 PM

15 working days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Q: What are the possible risks of having magnesium deficiency?

A:Magnesium deficiency can cause a wide variety of features including hypocalcaemia, hypokalaemia, and cardiac and neurological manifestations. Chronic low magnesium state has been associated with a number of chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and osteoporosis. Some medications that can lower magnesium levels in the body include chemotherapy drugs, diuretics, digoxin (Lanoxin), steroids and certain antibiotics.

Not Applicable