Laboratory Test Preparation
Test
2H PPBS (HEXOKINASE)
Other Test Request Name
2-hour post prandial glucose
2-hour post prandial sugar
2-hour PPG
2-Hr post prandial glucose
2-Hr post prandial sugar
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
2 Hour Post Prandial Glucose is done to see how a person’s body responds to sugar and starch after eating a meal.
Methodology
Hexokinase
Laboratory Section
Chemistry
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
Collect blood 2 hours after meal. Patient cannot eat or drink anything except water in the 2 hours after meal and before blood extraction.
Collection/Sample Container
Red or Gold tube
Specimen and Volume RequirementNote:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
1-3 mL Serum
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
1-3mL Plasma (Li-heparin and K2-EDTA, NaF/Na2 EDTA, KF/Na2 EDTA, NaF/K-Oxalate and NaF/citrate/Na2EDTA)
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
Serum (no hemolysis): 8 hours
Plasma (fluoride): 3 days
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
72 hours
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
Not specified
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Failed serum index specimen
Exceeded sample stability requirement
Quantity not sufficient
Improperly labeled specimen
Improper collection tube used
Running Day
Daily
Cut Off Time
Monday to Saturday: 10:00PM
Sunday: 6:00PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
ROUTINE:4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
STAT: After 2½ hours from extraction/messenger arriva
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
3.89~7.80 mmol/L (70.73~141.80 mg/dL)
Limitations/Interferences
In very rare cases, gammopathy, in particular type IgM (Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia), may cause unreliable results.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
HbA1c, Urinalysis, Insulin, C-peptide, Urine Albumin, Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, Basic Metabolic Panel, Fructosamine
Test
4Q25 AF Risk Genotype
Other Test Request Name
• Atrial Fibrillation
• CardioIQ
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
This test will aid physicians in the assessment of risk of atrial fibrilation and cardioembolic stroke.
Methodology
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
Laboratory Section
Special Tes
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
No patient preparation necessary.
Collection/Sample Container
EDTA or Violet Tube
Specimen and Volume RequirementNote: Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
3 pcs of 4 ml EDTA whole blood
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
24 Hours
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
7 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
28 Days
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Clotted sample
Specimen stability exceeded
Insufficient volume
Incorrect storage temperature of specimen
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Monday, 12:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None specified.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable.
Related Words/Test
Cardio, atrial fibrillation and cardioembolic stroke, Activated Protein C Resistance, Beta 2 Glycoprotein IgG/IgM, PlacTest, APTT, Factor V Leiden, HSCRP.
Test
9p21 Genotype
Other Test Request Name
Not Applicable
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
This test will aid in the assessment of risk associated with myocardial infarction (MI), especially before age 50 in males and age 60 in females.
Methodology
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
No patient preparation necessary.
Collection/Sample Container
EDTA or Violet Tube
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
3 pcs of 4 ml EDTA whole blood
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
24 Hours
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
7 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
28 Days
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Clotted blood specimen
Incomplete Test Request Form requirement
Insufficient volume
Incorrect storage temperature of specimen
Improperly labeled specimen
Incorrect collection container used
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Monday, 12:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None specified.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: What is 9p21?
A: A specific part of chromosome 9 called p21, which has a gene that may be involved in stopping tumor cell growth. In some types of cancer cells, including bladder cancer cells, this small part of chromosome 9 may be missing. This may cause cancer cell growth.
Q: What chromosome is heart disease found on?
A: Scientists are reporting that a region on chromosome 9 is related to an increased risk of heart disease. It's the latest finding in what has become a deluge of genetic information from studies that look for genetic differences between people who have a disease and those who don't.
Q: Is heart disease inherited from mother or father?
A: One copy is inherited from your mother and one copy is inherited from your father. Genetic conditions are caused by a change (or mutation) in one or more genes passed from generation to generation. Most genetic heart conditions are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
Related Words/Test
Myocardial Infraction
Test
10-OH Oxcarbazepine
Other Test Request Name
• Trileptal
• 10 - Hydroxy Carbazepine
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
Oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine derivatives inhibits the voltage - gated sodiums channels and has anti-epileptic properties. Oxcarbazepine give rise to less drug- interaction than using carbamazepine.
Methodology
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
No patient preparation necessary.
Collection/Sample Container
Red or Gold Tube
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.:
3 mL Serum
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
• Hemolyzed specimen
• Markedly lipemic specimen
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimen
• Improper collection tube used
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Friday 4:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
14 working days after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Not Applicable
Limitations/Interferences
None specified.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
Anticonvulsant drug, primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy
Test
12 Hour Urine Albumin
Other Test Request Name
• Urine Albumin
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
• The urine albumin test is used to screen people with chronic conditions, such as diabetes and high blood pressure (hypertension) that put them at an increased risk of developing kidney disease.
Methodology
Immunoturbidimetric
Laboratory Section
Chemistry
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
12 Hour Urine Collection procedure:
1. Void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen.
2. Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the collection period.
3. Keep specimen on ice during collection.
4. Label the bottle with patient name and date & time collection started and ended.
Collection/Sample Container
Clean plastic container
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:12 Hr Urine Sample
Follow tube manufacturer recommendation
NOTE: 60mL aliquot of the whole 12hr urine sample is acceptable. Ensure correct aliquoting procedure is followed (place all samples in one container and mix well prior to obtaining an aliquot)
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
7 Days
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
1 Month
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
6 Months
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimens
• Improper urine collection
Running Day
Daily
Cut Off Time
RUNNING TIME: 11:00 AM onwards
RELEASING TIME:
ROUTINE
• 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
RELEASING TIME: STAT
• After 2½ hours from extraction/messenger arrival
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
<37.00 mg/L (<3.70 mg/dL)
Limitations/Interferences
• Faslely elevated urine albumin results may be caused by contamination of the specimen with pus, menstrual blood, or vaginal discharge.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
Albumin, Creatinine, Glucose, A1c, Urine Protein, Beta-2 Microglobulin
Test
12 Hour Urine Protein
Other Test Request Name
• 12Hr Urine Prot
• 12Hr Urine CHON
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
• Protein measurements in urine are used in the diagnosis and treatment of disease conditions such as renal or heart diseases, or thyroid disorders, which are characterized by proteinuria or albuminuria.
Methodology
Turbidimetric
Laboratory Section
Chemistry
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
12 Hour Urine Collection procedure:
1. Void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen.
2. Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the collection period.
3. Keep specimen on ice during collection.
4. Label the bottle with patient name and date & time collection started and ended.
Collection/Sample Container
Clean plastic container
Specimen and Volume Requirement
Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
12 Hr Urine Sample
NOTE: 60mL aliquot of the whole 12hr urine sample is acceptable. Ensure correct aliquoting procedure is followed (place all samples in one container and mix well prior to obtaining an aliquot)
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
1 Day
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
7 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
1 Month
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimens
• Improper urine collection
Running Day
Daily
Cut Off Time
Monday to Saturday:10:00 PM
Sunday:6:00PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
RUNNING TIME: 11:00 AM onwards
RELEASING TIME:
ROUTINE
• 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
RELEASING TIME: STAT
• After 2½ hours from extraction/messenger arrival
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
No available 12 hour urine protein reference interval.
Limitations/Interferences
• Levodopa, methyldopa and Na2?cefoxitin cause artificially high total protein results and calcium dobesilate causes artificially low protein results.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
Kidney Function, Proteinuria
Test
17 Hydroxyprogesterone
Other Test Request Name
17OH Progesterone
17OHP
17 Alpha Progesterone
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
Used in screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Used also in evaluation of females with hirtuism or infertility.
Methodology
Radio Immunoassay
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
No patient preparation necessary.
Collection/Sample Container
Red or Gold tube
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation
3 mL Serum
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
24 Hours
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
3 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
Not Applicable
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Hemolyzed specimen
Markedly lipemic specimen
Exceeded sample stability requirement
Quantity not sufficient
Improperly labeled specimen
Improper collection tube used
Running Day
Monday and Thursday
Cut Off Time
for Monday Running = Friday 7:00 AM
for Thursday Running = Wednesday 7:00 AM
TAT/Releasing of Results
5 days after running day (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None specified.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
Adrenal Glands
• Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
Test
24 Hour Urine Albumin
Other Test Request Name
• 24Hr Urine Albumin
• 24Hr Urine Microalbumin
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
• The urine albumin test is used to screen people with chronic conditions, such as diabetes and high blood pressure (hypertension) that put them at an increased risk of developing kidney disease.
Methodology
Immunoturbidimetric
Laboratory Section
Chemistry
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
24 Hour Urine Collection procedure:
1. Void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen.
2. Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the collection period.
3. Keep specimen on ice during collection.
4. Label the bottle with patient name and date & time collection started and ended.
Collection/Sample Container
Clean plastic container
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation
24 Hr Urine Sample
NOTE: 60mL aliquot of the whole 24hr urine sample is acceptable. Ensure correct aliquoting procedure is followed (place all samples in one container and mix well prior to obtaining an aliquot)
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
7 Days
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
1 Month
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
6 Months
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimens
• Improper urine collection
Running Day
Daily
Cut Off Time
Monday to Saturday:10:00 PM
Sunday:6:00PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
RUNNING TIME: 11:00 AM onwards
RELEASING TIME:
ROUTINE
• 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
RELEASING TIME: STAT
• After 2½ hours from extraction/messenger arrival
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
<37.00 mg/L (<3.70 mg/dL)
Limitations/Interferences
• Faslely elevated urine albumin results may be caused by contamination of the specimen with pus, menstrual blood, or vaginal discharge.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
Albumin, Creatinine, Glucose, A1c, Urine Protein, Beta-2 Microglobulin
Test
24 Hour Urine Oxalic Acid
Other Test Request Name
Oxalate
Oxaluria
Kidney Stone Risk Panel
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
Primary hyperoxaluria (genetic) or secondary (acquired) hyperoxaluria can lead to renal calculi. Measuring blood oxalate levels is useful for monitoring patients on renal dialysis. Hyperoxaluria may be primary (a metabolic defect), secondary (due to impaired small intestine function) or toxic (drug-induced or due to over-consumption or accidental ingestion).Oxalic acid is a metabolite of ethylene glycol found in urine and is a good marker for poisoning which can be either deliberate or occupational.
Methodology
Spectrophotometry or Ionic Chromatography
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
Collection Procedures :
Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of collection period and discard the specimen.
Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of collection period.
Mix 24 hour urine collected.
Label the bottle with patient name, date & time collection started, date & time collection ended and total volume measured.
Note total volume.
Submit the specimen to HPD
Collection/Sample Container
Leak proof clean container without preservative
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation
100 mL of 24 hour Urine
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
Room Temperature (15-25°C)
24 Hours
Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
7 Days
Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
28 Days
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Quantity not sufficient
Received room temperature
Improperly labeled specimen
Improper urine collection
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Friday, 4:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None specified
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: WHY GET TESTED?
A: To help evaluate a person's risk of recurring kidney stone formation; to help determine the underlying reason for developing a kidney stone; to determine if there is a family history of kidney stone disease; to help guide and monitor treatment
Q: WHEN TO GET TESTED?
A: When you have had kidney stones and a healthcare practitioner wants to evaluate your risk of developing additional kidney stones; when you have risk factors such as a family history of kidney stones, a single functional kidney, or a transplanted kidney.
Q: WHAT IS BEING TESTED?
A: The kidney stone risk panel is a group of tests that measure the elevated or decreased amounts of substances in urine that are commonly associated with kidney stone formation (nephrolithiasis). In an individual who has already had kidney stones, an increased level of one of these substances, particularly calcium, can indicate both an elevated risk for developing additional stones and the likely type of stones that would form.
Related Words/Test
Stone formation
Primary or Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Urine Calcium
Urine Uric Acid
Urine Citric Acid (Citrate)
Urine Creatinine
Test
24 HR Urine Citrate
Other Test Request Name
Citric Acid
Citrate
Citric acid - Urines
Test Composition
Not Applicable
Intended Use
It is used to manage treatment of kidney stone
Citrate inhibits nerphrolithiasis, partly due binding of calcium in urine.Drug therapy with potassium citrate is useful in prevention of types of stone formation.
Serum levels are used to monitor toxicity following massive blood transfusion.In urine, it complexes with calcium thereby playing an important role in the inhibition of lithiasis.In sperm, it is useful for assessing prostate and bladder function.
Methodology
Spectrophotometry
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
Collection Procedures :
Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of collection period and discard the specimen.
Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of collection period.
Mix 24 hour urine collected.
Label the bottle with patient name, date & time collection started, date & time collection ended and total volume measured.
Note total volume.
Submit the specimen to HPD
Collection/Sample Container
Plastic leak proof clean container without preservatives
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
100 mL of 24 hour Urine
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
Room Temperature (15-25°C)
8 Hours
Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
5 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
28 Days
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Quantity not sufficient
Received room temperature
Improperly labeled specimen
Improper urine collection
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Friday, 12:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None Specified.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not Applicable
Related Words/Test
Grand inhibitor and binder of calcium, inhibit stone formation
Test
24 Hr. Urine Copper
Other Test Request Name
Copper overload
Test Composition
Not Applicable
Intended Use
Copper levels are increased in inflammation, cirrhosis, courses of estrogen, pregnancy and poisoning. They are reduced in nephrotic syndrome and vary low in Wilson's disease and Menkes' syndrome. Copper in the urine is low but is increased in Wilson's disease.
Methodology
Atomic absorption or inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
Collection Procedures :
1.Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of collection period and discard the specimen.
2.Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of collection period.
3.Mix 24 hour urine collected.
4.Label the bottle with patient name, date & time collection started, date & time collection ended and total volume measured.
5.Note total volume.
6.Submit the specimen to HPD
Collection/Sample Container
Plastic leak proof clean container without preservative
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
100 mL of 24 hour Urine
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
24 Hours
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
7 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
28 Days
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Quantity not sufficient
Received room temperature
Improperly labeled specimen
Improper urine collection
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Friday, 4:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
3 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None specified.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
• Heavy metals
• Toxic heavy metals
Test
24 Hr. Urine Protein Elect.
Other Test Request Name
Proteins - electrophoresis
Proteins - urine
Proteinogram
Selectivity index
Protein Electrophoresis - urines
Test Composition
Not Applicable
Intended Use
Used in evaluation of patient with multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia, primary amyloidosis
Evaluation of various diseases including chronic liver disease, chronic inflammation, nephrotic syndrome of osteoporosis.
Methodology
Electrophoresis
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
Collection Procedures :
1.Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of collection period and discard the specimen.
2.Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of collection period.
3.Mix 24 hour urine collected.
4.Label the bottle with patient name, date & time collection started, date & time collection ended and total volume measured.
5.Note total volume.
6.Submit the specimen to HPD
Collection/Sample Container
Leak proof clean container without preservative
Specimen and Volume RequirementNote:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
100 mL of 24 hour Urine
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
24 Hours
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
5 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
28 Days
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Quantity not sufficient
Received room temperature
Improperly labeled specimen
Improper urine collection
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Friday, 12:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None Specified
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not Applicable
Related Words/Test
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and primary amyloidosis.
Test
24 Urine Aldosterone RIA
Other Test Request Name
Tetra Hydro aldosteron
Mineralocorticoid
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
The major mineralocorticoid hormone synthesized in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex. The rate of its secretion depends on three factors: the blood potassium concentration, corticotropin and the renin-angiotensin system. Aldosterone levels are high in primary aldosteronism (which is characterized by high blood pressure, polydipsia, polyuria with very dilute urine, asthenia and sometimes episodes of tetanus). Hypoaldosteronism is rare and may be secondary to some primary insufficiency (e.g. Addison's disease). Aldosterone levels are affected by certain drugs including spironolactone, diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, laxatives, beta-adrenoreceptor-blockers and stimulants, and oral contraceptives. Anti-hypertensive drugs and calcium inhibitors have no effect on aldosterone levels.
Methodology
Radioimmunoassay
Laboratory Section
Special Test
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
Collection Procedures :
1.Instruct the patient to void at the beginning of collection period and discard the specimen.
2.Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of collection period.
3.Mix 24 hour urine collected.
4.Label the bottle with patient name, date & time collection started, date & time collection ended and total volume measured.
5.Note total volume.
6.Submit the specimen to HPD
Collection/Sample Container
Leak proof clean container without preservative
Specimen and Volume RequirementNote:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.:
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not Applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
24 Hours
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
7 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
28 Days
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
Quantity not sufficient
Received room temperature
Improperly labeled specimen
Improper urine collection
Running Day
Batch Running
Cut Off Time
Friday, 4:00 PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
2 weeks after cut-off (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays)
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Available upon request
Limitations/Interferences
None specified
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
Amount of aldosterone released in urine.
Test
24H Creatinine Clearance
Other Test Request Name
• Crea Clearance
• Creatinine Clearance
• Endogenous Creatinine Clearance
Test Composition
1. Serum Creatinine
2. 24Hr Urine Creatinine
3. 24Hr Creatinine Clearance
Intended Use
• Used to help evaluate the rate and efficiency of kidney filtration.
• Used to help detect and diagnose kidney dysfunction and/or the presence of decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
Methodology
Enzymatic
Laboratory Section
Chemistry
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
Instruction to Patient:
1. Refrain from eating a high meat diet and doing strenuous physical activity 8-12 hours before sample collection and during the 24 hour period that sample is being collected.
2. Refrain from taking medicines such as Acetaminophen (Paracetamol), N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) metabolites, N-Acteylcysteine (NAC), Metamizole (Novaminsulfone, Dipyrone), 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) and 4-Methylamino-antipyrine (4-MAP) metabolites 8-12 hrs before sample collection and during the 24 hour period that sample is being collected.
3. For Creatinine Clearance, drink water before the clearance begins and continue good hydration throughout the 24 hour period of sample collection.
Note: If recommended preparation is not followed, you may accept but NOTE in clinical info.
24 Hour Urine Collection procedure:
1. Void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen.
2. Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the collection period.
3. Keep specimen on ice during collection. Blood collection for Creatinine Clearance should be done immediately after submission of 24 hour urine sample.
4. Label the bottle with patient name and date & time collection started and ended.
Collection/Sample Container
• Urine: Clean plastic container
• Serum: Red or Gold tube
Specimen and Volume RequirementNote:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation
• 1-3 mL Serum
• 24 Hr Urine Sample
NOTE: 60mL aliquot of the whole 24hr urine sample is acceptable. Ensure correct aliquoting procedure is followed (place all samples in one container and mix well prior to obtaining an aliquot)
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Alternative Specimen for Serum: 1-3mL Plasma (Li?heparin and K2?EDTA
Alternative Specimen for Urine: Not applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
• Urine: 2 Days
• Serum: 7 Days
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
• Urine: 6 Days
• Serum: 7 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
• Urine: 6 Months
• Serum: 3 Months
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimens
• Improper urine collection
• Hemolyzed serum specimen
• Markedly lipemic serum specimen
Running Day
Daily
Cut Off Time
Monday to Saturday:10:00 PM
Sunday:6:00PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
RUNNING TIME: 6:00 AM onwards (for Serum Creatinine)
11:00 AM onwards (for Urine Creatinine)
RELEASING TIME: ROUTINE
• 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
RELEASING TIME: STAT
• After 2½ hours from extraction/messenger arrival
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
Serum Creatinine:
0-2 Months: 27.00-77.00 umol/L (0.31-0.87 mg/dL)
2M & 1 Day - 1Y: 14.00-34.00 umol/L (0.16-0.38 mg/dL)
1Y & 1 Day - 3Y: 15.00-31.00 umol/L (0.17-0.35 mg/dL)
3Y & 1 Day - 5Y: 23.00-37.00 umol/L (0.26-0.42 mg/dL)
5Y & 1 Day - 7Y: 25.00-42.00 umol/L (0.28-0.47 mg/dL)
7Y & 1 Day - 9Y: 30.00-47.00 umol/L (0.34-0.53 mg/dL)
9Y & 1 Day - 11Y: 29.00-56.00 umol/L (0.33-0.63 mg/dL)
11Y & 1 Day - 13Y: 39.00-60.00 umol/L (0.44-0.68 mg/dL)
13Y & 1 Day - 15Y: 40.00-68.00 umol/L (0.45-0.77 mg/dL)
15Y & 1 Day - 999Y MALE: 59.00-104.00 umol/L (0.67-1.18 mg/dL)
15Y & 1 Day - 999Y FEMALE: 45.00-84.00 umol/L (0.51-0.95 mg/dL)
24 hour urine Creatinine
Females: 6-13 mmol/24h (0.68-1.47 g/24h)
Males: 9-19 mmol/24h (1.02-2.15 g/24h)
24Hr Creatinine Clearance:1.10-2.38 mL/sec (66.00-142.80 mL/min)
Limitations/Interferences
• Rifampicin, Levodopa, alpha-methyldopa and Calcium dobesilate (e.g. Dexium) cause artificially low creatinine results. Dicynone (Etamsylate) at therapeutic concentrations may lead to falsely low results.
• N?ethylglycine at therapeutic concentrations and DL?proline at concentrations ≥ 1 mmol/L (≥ 115 mg/L) give falsely high results.
• 2?Phenyl?1,3?indandion (Phenindion) at therapeutic concentrations interferes with the assay.
• In very rare cases, gammopathy, in particular type IgM (Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia), may cause unreliable results.
• Acetaminophen intoxications are frequently treated with N?Acetylcysteine. N?Acetylcysteine at a plasma concentration above 333 mg/L and the Acetaminophen metabolite N?acetyl?p?benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) independently may cause falsely low results.
• Acetaminophen, Acetylcysteine and Metamizole are metabolized quickly. Therefore, interference from these substances is unlikely but cannot be excluded.
• Venipuncture should be performed prior to the administration of Metamizole. Venipuncture immediately after or during the administration of Metamizole may lead to falsely low results. A significant interference may occur at any plasma Metamizole concentration.
• High homogentisic acid concentrations in urine samples lead to false results.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: How long can the blood collection be done from the urine collection?
A: Ideally, blood sample should be collected before or after the 24 hour urine collection. If this is not possible, blood collection can be done within 24 hours of urine collection.
Q: Can we continue the test if patient missed to save one urine sample during the 24Hr collection?
A: No, result will be invalid.
Related Words/Test
Kidney Function, Creatinine Clearance, Urine; CRCL; CCT, Creatinine Clearance
Test
24H Urea Nitrogen
Other Test Request Name
• 24 Hour Urine Urea Nitrogen
Test Composition
Not applicable
Intended Use
• The urine urea nitrogen test determines how much urea is in the urine to assess the amount of protein breakdown.
• The test can help determine how well the kidneys are functioning, and if your intake of protein is too high or low.
• Additionally, it can help diagnose whether you have a problem with protein digestion or absorption from the gut.
Methodology
Kinetic test with urease and glutamate dehydrogenase.
Laboratory Section
Chemistry
Special Instructions/Patient Preparations
24 Hour Urine Collection procedure:
1. Void at the beginning of the collection period and discard the specimen.
2. Collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the collection period.
3. Keep specimen on ice during collection.
4. Label the bottle with patient name and date & time collection started and ended.
Collection/Sample Container
Clean plastic container
Specimen and Volume Requirement Note:Follow tube manufacturer recommendation.
24 Hr Urine Sampl
NOTE: 60mL aliquot of the whole 24hr urine sample is acceptable. Ensure correct aliquoting procedure is followed (place all samples in one container and mix well prior to obtaining an aliquot)
Alternative Specimen and Volume Requirement
Not applicable
Specimen Stability
• Room Temperature (15-25°C)
2 Days
• Refrigerated Temperature (2-8°C)
7 Days
• Freezer Temperature (-20°C)
1 Month
Transport Temperature
Transport specimen at 2 – 8 °C (with cold packs)
Rejection Criteria
• Exceeded sample stability requirement
• Quantity not sufficient
• Improperly labeled specimens
• Improper urine collection
Running Day
Daily
Cut Off Time
Monday to Saturday:10:00 PM
Sunday:6:00PM
TAT/Releasing of Results
RELEASING: 6:00 AM onwards
ROUTINE
• 4 hours after receipt of specimen/ arrival of messenger
STAT
• 2½ hours from extraction/messenger arrival
Reference Interval/Result Interpretation
<580.00 mmol/24Hr (<35.00 mg/24Hr)
Limitations/Interferences
• Bacterial growth in the specimen and high atmospheric ammonia concentrations as well as contamination by ammonium ions may cause erroneously elevated results.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Not applicable
Related Words/Test
Kidney function, protein intake